Rough concrete and crumbling stone walls act as a windbreak for the grounds of the Bauzium sculpture gallery in South Korea by Seoul studio Archium (+ slideshow).

The gallery was commissioned by the sculptor Kim Myoung-Sook and is located on a 4,500-square-metre field in Goseong, a province on South Korean's eastern coast that abuts the North Korean border.

Ulsanbawi Rock, one of the tallest peaks of the Taebaek Mountain range that runs along the eastern spine of the Korean peninsula, forms a dramatic granite backdrop for the gallery and its stone- and sculpture-littered grounds.

Architect Kim In-cheurl of Archium designed the Bauzium (Garden of Rock) gallery and its enclosing walls to be built using coarse-textured concrete and pieces of rugged stone. Like those used to frame courtyards and corridors at a Nepalese broadcasting station by the studio, these materials were chosen to help blend the structure with its setting.

The thick walls divide the vast site into a series of courtyards for displaying sculptures, and protect three glazed galleries from the force of the wind on the exposed mountain-side plot.

"Building an art gallery on a 4,500-square-metre vegetable field begins with understanding the wind," said the architect. "Though not as strong as the Himalayan winds, the winds here also have a significant impact on daily life."

"The northeasterly wind coming from the Ulsanbawi Rock and the sea breeze from the East Sea digs up the entire forest full of pines," he added. "Considering the nature of wind, it is better to stand with it than to go against it."

The three separate buildings, each measuring 150 square metres, are connected by the stone windbreak.

The first is named the Modern Sculpture Pavilion and hosts a permanent exhibition of the client's sculpture collection, while the Kim Myoung-Sook Sculpture Gallery is used to display the artist's own works and the Special Pavilion is a temporary show space.

Related content: more architecture by Archium

The buildings occupy only 10 per cent of the plot, leaving the remainder for grass, gravel or water-filled courtyards.

Only the gently sloping zinc rooflines of the structures are visible above the boundary walls.

"The fence draws a line between spaces," said the architect. "The building does not have a form other than roofs placed somewhere on the walls. Architecture does not boast itself where sculpture is to be presented."

Inside, sculptures are dotted along glossy glass-lined corridors that overlook the rocky courtyards, which are designed to weather with age.

"We designed the outdoor gallery with yellow rocks imagining that they rolled down when the Ulsanbawi Rock rose," said Kim In-cheurl.

"Over time, the wind will green the garden, bringing soil and planting seeds in to the cracks of the fence," he added. "This, we believe, is how to build."

Project credits:

Architect: Kim In-cheurl and Archium
Designer and supervisor: Kim Jemin
Structural engineer: Mido partners
Electrical engineer: Hyeob-In Consultant
Mechanical engineer: Northstar engineering
Landscape: Masil nuri
Construction: Bongrae Construction Co.
Client: Kim Myoung Sook